SPN's environmental site assessment services cover observation wells and groundwater levels, hydrogeology, soil and groundwater sampling and contamination, and EIA support. SPN performs all fieldwork in-house, while chemical analysis and EIA reports are coordinated with licensed laboratories and consultants.
Environmental Site Assessment is the collection of real data from a site: groundwater level and quality, aquifer properties, soil contamination and groundwater flow direction. It supports EIA reports, operating license applications and risk assessment before buying or selling land. SPN performs all fieldwork in-house, from drilling and installing wells and aquifer testing to sampling, while chemical analysis and EIA reports are coordinated with licensed partners.
SPNDone in-house by the SPN teamPartnerLicensed laboratory / consultantSPN + PartnerJoint work, coordinated by SPN
A Monitoring Well (observation well) is drilled and installed to ASTM D5092 to measure groundwater levels and collect groundwater samples. SPN installs wells that remain usable throughout the project, takes periodic readings or records automatically with a Data Logger, and decommissions wells that are no longer used.
PVC casing with a Slotted Screen in the target aquifer, washed-sand Filter Pack, Bentonite Seal against cross-layer contamination, and a lockable Well Cap. Well Development before the first sampling, with a Well Completion Log
How are observation wells installed? →Measured with a Water Level Meter to ±1 cm accuracy, referenced to one set of wellhead elevations for all wells. Tables and trend graphs by season or at the intervals set by EIA conditions
How groundwater affects foundations →A Pressure Transducer installed in the well records water levels automatically at set intervals, with Barometric Compensation. It captures the effects of rain, tides and pumping that manual readings miss
Piezometer / Observation Well installation →Decommissioning of Monitoring Wells or boreholes at the end of their service life by grouting the full depth with Bentonite or Cement Grout, cutting off the wellhead and restoring the ground, so old wells do not become shortcuts for contaminants into the aquifer. A decommissioning record is provided
Electrical resistivity surveys locate aquifers, permeability tests measure aquifer properties, and flow direction is analyzed from observation wells. The data is used in EIA reports, dewatering work and well placement.
A Slug Test can be done quickly in a Monitoring Well without pumping large volumes of water. A Pumping Test pumps continuously while levels are measured in surrounding observation wells. Both give Hydraulic Conductivity (K) and Transmissivity (T), used to assess dewatering and impacts on adjacent areas
Used in Dewatering design →Electric current is passed into the ground through a line of surface electrodes to produce a resistivity cross-section. It is used to estimate aquifer depth and thickness, saltwater zones, or anomalies that may relate to contamination, before choosing confirmation boring locations
Water levels from at least 3 wells referenced to the same datum are used to produce a Piezometric Map showing flow direction and gradient, identifying Upgradient and Downgradient wells for the contamination monitoring plan
Samut Prakan case study →For earthing system, solar farm and underground cable design — Wenner 4-Pin and Thermal Resistivity tests are on the field soil testing service page
See soil testing page →SPN collects soil samples by Test Pit / Hand Auger and groundwater by Low-flow sampling, takes field readings in-house, then submits samples to an accredited partner laboratory with a Chain of Custody.
Samples are taken from Test Pits (2–4 m deep) and Hand Auger holes (1–3 m deep) on a grid plan or at risk points such as chemical storage tanks and material stockpiles, packed in Clean Containers and kept chilled in transit
Checklist before buying factory land →Low-rate pumping until field readings stabilize before sampling, reducing sediment and loss of volatiles. pH, EC, DO, ORP and Turbidity are measured in the field; containers are chosen by parameter and delivered to the laboratory within the required holding time
Heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg) by ICP-MS, VOCs by GC-MS, TPH, general water quality and microbiology, performed by an accredited partner laboratory. SPN submits the samples and follows up on the results
Sampling locations, analysis results and groundwater flow direction are combined on one map, showing points above the criteria and the approximate extent. Used to plan the next sampling round or support a risk assessment
Health and environmental risk assessment and site remediation planning are done by a specialist partner. SPN hands over all field data and can carry out the fieldwork in the remediation phase
Pre-project baseline data, a plan of monitoring points and rounds, and accurate field reports that the EIA consultant and authorities can use right away (SPN does the fieldwork and does not prepare the EIA report itself).
Wells are installed and groundwater level and quality data, plus soil samples, are collected before construction or operation, serving as the baseline for later monitoring reports
Well locations, parameters and measurement schedules are designed to match the measures in the EIA report, together with the project's environmental consultant, so data from every round is comparable
SPN delivers engineer-signed field reports (Well Log, water level tables, sampling records, Lab results). The EIA report itself is prepared by a consulting firm licensed by ONEP, with SPN coordinating complete data
Send the site plan, objectives and parameter list (if any) via LINE — SPN helps place wells, set the number of sampling points and provide one quotation including Lab work within 24 hours.
Real examples from case studies and the project photos above
A Monitoring Well installed together with a Standpipe Piezometer with its tip at 8 m depth, read monthly to support the project's monitoring and as a groundwater level reference.
Test Pits were opened and a Hand Auger used to collect soil samples where drill rigs cannot reach, such as areas next to buildings, before submission to a partner laboratory for analysis.
An observation well was drilled and installed, with a Well Completion Log recording soil layers, Screen length and wellhead elevation, then water samples were collected for laboratory analysis.
One contact, one quotation — SPN does the fieldwork and coordinates the Lab / EIA consultant through to the report
Site plan or coordinates, objectives (EIA conditions, land purchase or sale, or after a spill) and the required parameter list (if any)
Well locations and depths, sampling points and the analysis list are set with the partner Lab, with a quotation within 24 hours.
Check underground pipes and cables before drilling, arrange site access and prepare sample containers by parameter — see the site preparation checklist
Drilling and installing wells, well development, water level readings, aquifer testing and soil/groundwater sampling with field measurements, typically 1–3 days depending on the number of points
Chilled samples with a Chain of Custody are delivered to an accredited partner Lab; analysis takes about 5–14 working days depending on the parameters
Engineer-signed field report with Lab results and maps, passed to the EIA consultant or submitted to the authorities — about 2–4 weeks in total
Actual deliverables depend on the scope of work; the engineer lists them in the quotation
SPN Soil Engineering provides environmental fieldwork, including Monitoring Well installation, soil and groundwater sampling and groundwater level measurement. SPN does not have its own chemical analysis laboratory and does not prepare EIA reports — we coordinate the handover of samples and data to accredited partner laboratories and licensed EIA consulting firms to complete the service end to end.
SPN's engineers and technicians go on site for every job, certified by a licensed engineer
SPN coordinates and follows up for the client directly — no need to deal with multiple firms
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| Work | Performed by | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Drilling and installing a Monitoring Well | SPN directly | ASTM D5092 |
| Soil and groundwater sampling | SPN directly | ASTM D6771 (Low-flow groundwater) |
| Groundwater level measurement | SPN directly | Report with graphs |
| Test Pit / Hand Auger | SPN directly | 1–4 m deep |
| Water level Data Logger | SPN directly | Pressure Transducer |
| Slug Test / Pumping Test | SPN directly | K / T values |
| Resistivity Survey (VES / ERT) | SPN directly | ASTM D6431 |
| Flow direction map (Piezometric Map) | SPN directly | ≥ 3 wells |
| Decommissioning disused wells | SPN directly | ASTM D5299 |
| Laboratory chemical analysis | Partner | Coordinated by SPN |
| EIA report | Partner (ONEP license) | Coordinated by SPN |
| Remediation Planning | Partner | Coordinated by SPN |
SPN does not prepare EIA reports directly, as this requires a license from ONEP. However, SPN works with licensed partner EIA consulting firms, so clients can contact SPN as a single point and receive a complete service covering both fieldwork and reporting.
SPN does not have its own chemical analysis laboratory. Analysis of Heavy Metals, VOCs, TPH and other parameters is performed by an accredited partner laboratory, with SPN coordinating and submitting the samples.
A Monitoring Well is an observation well drilled and fitted with PVC casing to measure groundwater levels and collect water samples for analysis. It is used to monitor groundwater quality under EIA conditions around factory sites, or after a chemical spill.
Yes. SPN offers a complete package: drilling and installing the Monitoring Well in the field, collecting water samples, submitting them to a partner laboratory and reporting the results. The client receives one quotation and one report.
Yes. Results from the accredited partner laboratory can support reports submitted to the Pollution Control Department (PCD), the Department of Industrial Works, ONEP and other relevant agencies.
Fieldwork (installation/sampling) takes 1–3 days depending on the number of points. Lab analysis takes 5–14 working days depending on the parameters. In total, about 2–4 weeks from start of work to the report.
To determine groundwater flow direction you need at least 3 wells that are not in a straight line. Typically 1 upgradient well and at least 2 wells downgradient of potential contamination sources. The actual number depends on site size, the number of sources and the measures specified in the EIA report.
A Slug Test changes the water level in the well instantly and measures the recovery. It can be done quickly in an existing Monitoring Well at low cost, but represents only the soil around that well. A Pumping Test pumps continuously and measures levels in surrounding observation wells, giving values representative of a wider area. It suits dewatering design or water yield assessment, but needs more time and equipment.
It can only show zones of abnormal resistivity, which may be caused by saltwater, clay layers or certain contaminants. It is therefore used as a screening tool to choose boring locations. Contamination must always be confirmed by sampling and laboratory analysis.
Manual readings give values only on site-visit days, while a Data Logger records automatically at set intervals and shows changes from rain, tides or pumping on adjacent sites. Manual readings are still needed periodically to check the Logger values.
It should be decommissioned following ASTM D5299: pull or cut the casing, grout the full depth with Bentonite or Cement Grout, and level the wellhead with the ground surface, so the old well does not let surface water or contaminants flow into the aquifer. SPN provides a decommissioning record for your files.